Colorectal cancer, also termed rectal malignancy, affects the rectum or the colon. When the healthy cells in these organs grow out of control and form a tumour or have abnormal growths called polyps, it can turn into malignancy. Screening tests can help in diagnosing the disease. Below, a rectal cancer surgeon in Kolkata discusses the different kinds of screening tests for the disease.
What are the different types of screening tests for colorectal cancer?
Colonoscopy
A colonoscopy test enables your doctor to check the inside of your colon and rectum while you remain sedated. During this procedure, a colonoscope is inserted in your rectum to check for polyps and signs of disease. At the time of a colonoscopy, the surgeon might remove tissues or polyps for further examination.
Computed tomography or CAT scan
Computed tomography is a type of virtual colonoscopy. It is recommended for those who cannot have a normal colonoscopy due to a blockage in their colon or if they cannot undergo the procedure because of the risk of anaesthesia.
Fecal immunochemical test or fecal occult blood test
A fecal occult blood test checks for signs of blood in your stool, which can indicate the presence of polyps or cancer. In addition, it also denotes if there is bleeding in your gastrointestinal tract. There are two different kinds of fecal occult blood tests, such as immunochemical or guaiac tests.
Sigmoidoscopy
In a sigmoidoscopy, a lighted, flexible tube is inserted in your lower colon and rectum to check for polyps, and some other types of abnormalities. Your doctor can use this test to determine whether or not you need surgery. Moreover, this examination can further help your doctor to remove polyps and prevent colorectal cancer.
We have discussed the different types of screening tests for colorectal cancer. If needed, you can reach out to a rectal cancer surgeon to get your screening test done.
